The HEIM® BEARINGS company has been acquired by RBC® BEARINGS, a leader in the world of highly engineered bearing products. 

HEIM® BEARINGS produces the industry's widest range of rod end bearing sizes (aka rod ends) in  the following four grades (types): precision, aircraft, military and commercial with each grade including different series suitable for respective application requirements. HEIM® BEARINGS are made from different materials featuring among others high strength two piece designs, high capacity designs, self-lubricating options and thermoplastic races or Teflon® liners. Please consult the supplied table on different grades and series offered.

- Precision rod ends are manufactured to tight tolerances for applications requiring improved linkage accuracy and reduced looseness. 

- Aircraft rod ends use premium materials, and have magnafluxed rod end bodies. Originally intended for aircraft applications, aircraft rod ends are used in many industrial applications where a high degree of reliability is required

- Military rod ends are produced in strict accordance with all applicable military specifications and are typically used in military and commercial aviation applications, or when Mil-Spec approval is required

- Commercial rod ends are produced using standard materials and manufacturing methods, and consist an economical choice for industrial applications

The HEIM® BEARINGS M M & F M  series are Precision Special Purpose Aircraft rod ends male and female threaded respectively. Their outer members are manufactured from carbon Steel, magnetic particle inspected, with protective coating for corrosion resistance, the balls from 52100 Alloy steel, heat treated, chrome plated and inserts from brass. The letter “L” to prefix indicates Left Hand thread.

Please refer to the supplied chart for technical specifications and the RBC® HEIM® Bearings Catalog for additional information.

TOST Flugzeuggerätebau designs and manufactures top quality products including aircraft wheels, brakes, tires, tubes, glider towing and launching equipment and tow releases serving the needs of aviation sports and industry. TOST and TOST AERO brands for tires are synonyms for safety in aviation.. TOST wheels are used worldwide in gliders, motor gliders, aircraft, ultralight, amphibium aircraft, helicopters and gyrocopters but also in heavy-duty applications.

TOST Landing Wheels (LR) are designed for use in aircraft as nose wheel, tail wheel, support wheel or as unbraked main wheel and they are offered in different series and various dimensions and constructions. TOST Disk Brake Wheels (SB) are presented separately.

Mini 150 & 180 Series, fitting tire diameters 150 mm and 180 mm respectively, are the smallest available wheels with pneumatic or foam-filled tires providing good suspension and absorption properties. 

Moritz Series 3″ Tail Wheels are available in two versions: Moritz, a sturdy aluminium die-cast wheel hub with fins sector and Moritz II, a two-part wheel hub CNC milled from aluminium. 

Max Series 3.5″ Tail Wheels fit tire size 200 x 50, widely used for tail wheels of gliders and motor gliders.

Classic Series 4″ Landing Wheels can be used as sturdy nose wheels and main wheels or for special purposes.

Tria 4″ Landing Wheels are convenient for applications, in which a low weight combined with a high strength are required.

Classic Series 5″ Landing Wheels are used as aircraft nose wheels and other heavy duty applications. 

Penta 5″ Landing Wheels can be used to save weight as well as a possible replacement for landing wheels equipped with inch bearings. 

The 5″ Tubeless Landing Wheels can be used  to realisze a further weight reduction.  The weight decrease is about 15% in total weight compared to a wheel hub with tire and tube (tubetype TT).

Mike Series 6″ Landing Wheels from aluminium diecast with deformable fins sector are particularly suitable for high loads.

Penta Series 6″ Landing Wheels can save weight compared to the Landing wheel (LR) of the 6″ Classic series.

Classic Series 10″ Landing Wheels can be used in the range of high-tensile special applications.

Matching TOST AERO tires and tubes are offered for all TOST Landing Wheels. Please consult the tables with information on available tires and tubes for the different series.

For additional information please refer to the Product Description section and the supplied documentation.

DUNLOP AIRCRAFT TYRES manufactures several different types of aircraft tIre for many applications: bias tIres for modern jet and military aircraft, radial tires for military jets, bias tires for helicopters and chined tyres used for nose wheel applications primarily on rear-engined jet aircraft   Different tire size designations grouped into various 'types' are also used such as Type III mainly for low-pressure service on older piston-driven aircraft or Type VII related to high-pressure tires with high load capacity designed for modern jet and turboprop aircraft. All DUNLOP aircraft tires are manufactured in accordance with TSO-C62, MIL-PERF-5041 or AIR8505A and/or applicable airframe manufacturer specifications.

DUNLOP aircraft tires are offered as NEW or RETREAD ( the second designated by the letters "RT" after the product reference number (SKU).

DUNLOP does not mandate a maximum shelf life for its tires, so long as the storage conditions are met. The company recommends that tires be kept in a store for no more than 12 years from their date of manufacture, if they are to stay serviceable.

DUNLOP aircraft tires have a warranty of 12 months from the date of their delivery. The company undertakes at its option to repair or replace them or refund the customer for any of the tires which are defective by reason of defective material, design or workmanship.

DUNLOP AIRCRAFT TYRES also produces aircraft inner tubes manufactured to rigorous standards which meet or exceed all commercial and military performance requirements, including MIL-I-5014 military specification (except for packaging).

They are made from natural rubber which ensures maximum life and meets cold temperature performance requirements.

DUNLOP inner tubes are factory balanced. The heavy spot is marked in red. If there is no red mark, the valve is considered the heavy spot. The valve stem, core and cap are manufactured for aircraft use and designed for high and low pressure requirements.

For additional information on DUNLOP AIRCRAFT TYRES  products please consult the supplied Guide and tire specification sheets.

AMP Flexi Block Modular Terminal is used for assembles of terminal blocks to custom requirements and it is avalable in Users and Professional complete kits. 

Users Kit consists of 25 pieces Flexi-BLock terminal block, 12 end stops and two 12 in pieces of track,

Professional Kit - No. 6 kit consists of 100 ea. P/N 604101-1 block assemblies, 25 ea. of P/N 604111-1 end stops and 2 ea. track 3 ft. long.

STOMIL-POZNAŃ S.A. is a tire manufacturer producing All-Terrain (AT) tires designed to perform on- and off-road, providing traction and comfort in different surface conditions. STOMIL tires are used in aviation as well other sectors such as the mining industry. STOMIL tires are installed in most Polish gliders and aircraft including; Jantar, Puchaz, PW–5, etc. They are offered in different versions (Wersja) and sizes with  350x135, 200x80 and 255x110 being the most popular ones. Different STOMIL tubes are also offered for use with the company tires.

For additional information please refer to  the supplied documentation.

OMRON A3C series cylindrical pushbutton switches have the basic design as the M2C Series cylindrical indicators. They provide a high-intensity uniform surface lighting while they have a miniature size with excellent feeling of operation. They have a cylindrical 20-mmX12-dia. body making panel cutouts easier. These switches are offered in lighted and non lighted versions, different colors, display shapes, with LED or incandescent lamps and different socket units. Please consult the attached documentation for ordering.

TIMKEN® tapered roller bearings are characterized by reliability, versatility and choice. They stand up to extreme situations, including high-corrosive, high-temperature, vacuum or low-lubrication environments. Uniquely designed to manage both types of loads on rotating shafts and in housings and offer a choice of nearly 26,000 product combinations, from single, double to four-row configurations and thrust bearings. Each bearing contains four interdependent components: the cone (inner ring), the cup (outer ring), the tapered rollers (rolling elements) and the cage (roller retainer). Tapered angles allow bearings to efficiently control a combination of radial and thrust loads. The steeper the outer ring angle, the greater ability the bearing has to handle thrust loads. To provide a true rolling motion of the rollers on the raceways, the extensions of the raceways and the tapered surfaces of the rollers come together at a common point, the apex, on the axis of rotation.

TIMKEN® Single Row (TS) bearings are basic and most widely used. Usually fitted as one of an opposing pair. They can be “set” to the required clearance (endplay) or preload condition to optimize performance. TSF type bearings, a TS variation, have a flanged outer ring to facilitate axial location and accurately aligned seats in a through-bored housing.

TIMKEN® Double Row Outer Ring bearings (TDO)  have a one-piece (double) outer ring and two single inner rings. Usually supplied complete with an inner-ring spacer as a pre-set assembly. They offer a wide effective bearing spread and frequently chosen for applications where overturning moments are a significant load component. Other bearing types include TDI (double-row double inner race) and TDIT (same as TDI with tapered bore). Both comprise a double inner ring and two single outer rings. Usually supplied complete with an outerring spacer as a pre-set assembly. TDI and TDIT bearings can be used at fixed (locating) positions on rotating shaft applications. Offered types include: TNA (double-row non-adjustable), TNASW (same as TNA with lubricant slots) or TNASWE  (same as TNSW with extended back face rib). They are similar to the TDO with a one-piece (double) outer ring and two single inner rings.  Supplied with a built-in clearance to give a standard setting range, these bearings provide a solution for many fixed or floating bearing applications where optimum simplicity of assembly is required.

For aerospace applications, different FAA PMA approved tapered single roller bearings are offered including TIMKEN® 13600, 13800 and LM813000 Series with a cone assembly and a cup. Offered in "inch" and "metric" versions LM813000 Series feature  minimization of friction between the rotating parts, handling of thrust loads, even load distibution across the roller, heavy load carrying capacity & stamped steel cage.

For additional information please refer to the supplied documentation.

NEWTON CONSULTING offers a range of SPRL branded fuel valves featuring distinct features that make them better than the rest. Ceramic disks have no soft moving/rubbing seals to wear out, unlike other valves but also give an 'indefinite' life with a very smooth light action. The lift and turn selector of their SPRL valves is instinctive, secure, and easier to use than the complex 'lift button' type. The locking detents avoid accidental movements. The fixings match most installations, and the internal ports prevent cross feeds, unless 'selected to 'Both'. NEWTON offered valves range from simple V1 and V3, designed to minimise stockholding costs to V6, tapped 10mm for standard Rotax banjo's on the input and 1/4" nps output or V9 and V10 duplex valves, threaded 1/4"nps which will accept 1/4"npt fittings and NEWTON AN-6 banjo assembly.Their lightweight alloy construction is anodized for protection while the Viton O-ring seals are suitable for all current fuels. 

NEWTON also offers a variety of adaptors/fittings (purchased separately) which can be used with these valves as normal AN fittings will not fit directly to these valves.  Their offered product portfolio includes AN8 Male NPT 1/4" or 3/8", Female 1/4" NPT, Female 3/8" NPT, Female 14mm used for commercial automotive banjo's and Female 1/4"NPS supplied in their -6 banjo assembly. 

Their Male AN fittings enable plumbing straight into the aeroplane system with no extra fittings to buy. The lightweight alloy construction is anodized for protection. Viton O ring seals, used as  seals to the valve, are suitable for all current fuels. They can be used on experimental aircraft only. 

The RAPCO Dry Air Vacuum/Pressure pumps are are FAA approved quality and performance pumps intended for use as direct replacements of respective models of AIRBORNE and AERO ACCESSORIES (AA) in vacuum or pressure system applications. They are offered as NEW or OVERHAULED.

The NEW RAPCO Air Vacuum/Pressure pumps are FAA-PMA approved and have an inspection port for monitoring vane wear and determine when replacement is needed. An oil seal on the main shaft helps to prevent oil from entering and damaging the pump. Cooling fins reduce operating temperatures and help to extend pump life. They are internally coated with a special Mil-Spec. hard lube coating reducing friction and wear. The carbon rotor has also been improved by chamfering the leading edges of the vane slots reducing failure due to foreign object damage. With every pump, RAPCO includes a mounting gasket and vane measuring caliper. Fittings not included. There is no core charge when purchasing a new RAPCO dry air pump.  Manufacturers warranty on the 200 series is three years / 1300 hours. The warranty period on the 240 and the 400 series is 1 year / 500 hours, which ever comes first. There is no Core Charge on new pumps. 

The OVERHAULED RAPCO pumps are FAA approved and come with an FAA form 8130-3. Mounting gasket included. The warranty period for the 200 series is two years / 1000 hours. The warranty period for the 240 and the 400 series is one year / 400 hours, which ever comes first. Core charge applies. Please refer to the attached documentation for additional information.

The RAPCO Model RA215CC Dry Air Pump is used in ROTAX® 912 UL, 912 ULS and 914 UL engines. This pump replaces the old model 211CC and can also be used in other engines listed below:

Textron Lycoming: O-235, O-290, O-320, O-360, O-435, O-540, IO-320, IO-360, IO-540, IO-720, TIO-360, TIO-540, GO-480, GSO-480

Continental: O-300, GO-300, IO-360, TSIO-360, TSIO-520, GTSIO-520

The RAPCO Model RA215CC-9  replaces the old model 211CC-9. It is the most common model in General Aviation applications using the O-200 engine. This pump can be used with Continental C90-16F, all 0-200 engines and most Lycoming O-320 engines installed on Cessna 150s, 172s, etc.

The RAPCO Model RA216CW replaces the old models 212CW, 216CW and RAPCO P/N RA212CW. This pump can be used with a wide range of aircraft engines including Textron Lycoming LIO-360, GO-435, TIO-541 and Continental E-185, E-225, IO-346, O-470, IO-470, TSIO-470 and IO-520.

Spherical Bearing, Precision Special Purpose Series.

BC207 High/Low Voltage Warning Indicator by B&C SPECIALITY PRODUCTS  is a solid-state device which provides a visual indication of abnormal bus voltage via a panel-mounted warning light (included). It is intended for use in non certified aircraft. Not FAA Approved. When flashing,the warning light indicates a bus voltage greater than 15.5 volts D.C. When steady, it indicates a bus voltage below 12.5 volts D.C. The product also includes B&C S708-2 Miniature Push-Button switch (push-to-test). The BC207  Voltage Warning Indicator can be used in both 14v and 28v electrical systems. 

BRIDGESTONE® CORPORATION is the world's largest manufacturer of tires and other rubber products, delivering a wide range of innovative, premium product portfolio whch includes passanger and light truck tires, motorcycle tires, commercial truck and bus tires, aircraft and mining tires. The company also manufactures industrial rubber and chemical products, sporting goods, and other diversified products. Tires account for 80 percent of Bridgestone Group sales worldwide with sales of tires and other products in more than 150 nations.

BRIDGESTONE® has more than 80 years of experience and insistence on quality in aircraft tire manufacturing. The company supplies new and retread (*) tires to airlines and wheelshops worlwide remaining one of the most trusted brands in the aviation industry.

BRIDGESTONE® range of aircraft tires includes Bias, Radial and Revolutionarily Reinforced Radial Tires (RRR). They work under extremely severe conditions, carrying the weight of an aircraft up to 569 metric tons while accelerating up to 245 mph at takeoff, in addition to enduring varied environmental stress when in flight and taxiing.

The company manufactures its new aircraft tires in Japan while it operates aircraft tire retreading plants in Japan, the United States, Belgium and Hong Kong. Bridgestone provides airlines with seamless, global support for all of their product and maintenance needs in tires. 

BRIDGESTONE® Bias tires feature enhanced tire durability, greater overload durability, reduced weight, new cord and performance improvements due to the integration of Tension Control Optimization (TCOT) and Aircraft Tire Tension Control Optimization (ACOT) Theory principles.

BRIDGESTONE® Radial tires feature lighter design, reduced rolling resistance, rigged belt design, added strength to belt and carcass plies and increased number of landings.

BRIDGESTONE® Revolutionarily Reinforced Radial Tires (RRR) feature superior safety, higher cut resistance, more casing durability after received Foreign Object Damage (F.O.D.), economy, less weight and more landing cycles (improved tire wear). They have been selected by Airbus and Boeing as OE tires for their respective aircraft.

Please refer to the supplied documentation and the Aircraft Tire Application Table for additional information.

(*) Retread tires have undergone a remanufacturing process to replace the worn tread on used tires with new tread to help extend the life of the tire. The number of times the  tread has been replaced in the tire casing is indicated by a number just after the letter "R" in the product reference number (SKU), namely R1, R2, R3 and so on.

The DUKES AEROSPACE Inc. is a manufacturer of  fuel pumps for general aviation and corporate aircraft.  DUKES fuel pumps are used in a range of aircraft such as Beechcraft, Cessna, Diamond, Maule, Mooney, Lake and Navion aircraft. The company is a subsidiary of AERO FLUID PPRODUCTS, part of TransDigm Group Inc.

The DUKES AEROSPACE fuel pumps are offered as NEW, OVERHAULED or OVERHAULED EXCHAGE (in the second case, in exchange of existing customer owned unit (core) for a quick turn around). Overhaul pumps are serviced in accordance with FAA-approved process specification and certified (FAA Form 8130-3) by authorized repair stations such as QUALITY AIRCRAFT ACCESSORIES, the exclusive DUKES AEROSPACE  authorized overhaul facility for General Aviation fuel pumps,  RAPCO FLEET SUPPORT SERVICES division or CJ AVIATION. In the case of exchanged pumps,  the  full selling price of the ordered unit is charged and the core credit is refunded or credited towards future orders with us when our co-operating supplier verifies that the unit is in a serviceable condition. 

Additionally, FAA-PMA approved direct replacement fuel pumps to the respective DUKES AEROSPACE  models are offered. They are made by reputable manufacturers such as CJ AVIATION and offered as NEW or NEW EXCHANGE (please refer to their separate product presentations). For additional information please consult the supplied documentation of our offered products (*) or contact us.

(*) The supplied documentation is to be used for reference only. When selecting a part for installation, consult the appropriate aircraft maintenace manual, parts catalogue, or equipment list for approved data.

The RAY ALLEN Trim Systems are trim servos of flight surfaces offered with different travel options designed specifically for experimental aircraft. RAY ALLEN servos are small enough to fit in individual control surfaces or can be used with lighweight springs acting directly on the control system. They come with RS2 rocker switches,  RP3 LED indicators and a RC8-7 clevis/pushrod kit. All RC ALLEN indicators operate off of feedback sensors located inside the servo. These feedback sensors are purposefully isolated from the power supply to the servo motor to guard against possible electronic failure.  Different servos are available:

T2-7A Trim System with a  .7" (17mm) travel

T2-10A Trim System with a  1.0" (26mm) travel

T3-12A Trim System with a 1.2" (31 mm) travel

T4-5 Trim System with a .5 inch (13mm) travel. This servo does not have a compatible indicator.

Technical Specifications as follows (RAC  Model / Output Shaft Movement / Travel Time):

T2-7A /  0.7 in. / 10 sec.

T2-10A / 1.0 in.  / 16 sec.

T3-12A /  1.2 in.  / 19 sec.

T4-5 / 0.5 in. / 15 sec.

TYCO ELECTRONICS TE CONNECTIVITY™ ARINC 600 Connectors feature a stamped and formed contact system versus the traditional, screw machined contact system. Available in either Solder Tail or Press-fit (eye of the needle) designs.

Being the first to offer size 22 contacts in a press-fit PCB attachment style, their ARINC 600 product portfolio now includes press-fit size 20, 16 and 12 power contacts, as well as press-fit Quadrax contacts providing a total press-fit PCB-attach connector solution.

TE CONNECTIVITY™ ARINC 600 Connectors feature a lighter design for considerable cost savings. The stamped system allows for selective gold plating to only critical socket contact tines instead of the whole contact, decreasing gold plating costs. By changing to hollow contacts instead of the solid contacts in the legacy design, this product design reduces weight by up to 10% (depending on insert arrangement) and includes backward compatibility. All these with the same high levels of performance and reliability.

Features & Benefits

Completely inter-mateable with existing ARINC 600 plug connectors

"Monoblock" single-piece inserts that simplify the manufacturing process, cut costs

Stamped and formed, selectively plated size 22 contacts provide substantial cost savings while delivering excellent performance and reliability

Equivalent electrical performance vs. current design

Available in either Solder Tail or Press-fit (eye of the needle) designs

Up to 10% weight savings per connector (depending on insert arrangement)

Applications

• In-Flight Entertainment

• In-Flight Networks

• Flight Controls and Communication

• Military Ground Vehicles

For additional information please refer to the supplied documentation.

Note: TYCO ELECTRONICS TE CONNECTIVITY™ ARINC 600 Connectors are Special Order items and therefore Non-Cancellable/Non-Returnable Upon Order Placement (NCNR). Minimum Order Quantities & long lead times usually apply. Please contact us. 

The G3 Series Stick Grips by RAY ALLEN COMPANY (RAC) includes four different models: G301, G303, G305 and G307. All feature four individual SPDT momentary contact switches to control one or two axis electric trim. The switches are triggered via a traditonal 4-way "hat" type activator. These switches are high quality with 15 amp Honeywell microswitches for their superior tactile characteristics. The slotted one or two axis faceplates also adds to the very positive switching action. The four trim switches can be wired directly to Ray Allen servos, eliminating the need to wire relays in the trim system when one grip is used. However, if two grips are used, either relays or a switch to transfer the control of trims from one grip to the other will be needed. The hand grip itself is made out of a very strong BASF composite that has excellent UV resistance. The entire grip has a textured finish. The G3 grips are 6.5” (165 mm) tall. All G3 grips feature a momentary contact, SPDT Push-To-Talk (PTT) switch located on the front side of the grip. A black faceplate is included with each grip. Gray and tan faceplates are also available. All Ray Allen  Stick Grips are designed to fit any stick size up to 1 1/8” in diameter with the use of spacers. Three spacers will be included with each grip enabling easy installation on 3/4”, 7/8” and 1” sticks. The stick grips include pre-cut and stripped 26 gage teflon insulated 19 strand wire. A die-cut label sheet with 50 different labels is supplied with all G3 grips. The labels are lexan coated for long service life and fit in their own recesses for a professional appearance.

All G3 Series Stick Grips feature:

- four individual SPDT momentary contact switches to control one or two axis electric trim. The switches are triggered via a traditonal 4-way "hat" type activator. The four trim switches can be wired directly to Ray Allen servos.

- high quality switches with 15 amp Honeywell microswitches for superior tactile characteristics. 

- slotted one or two axis faceplates. A black faceplate is included. Gray and tan faceplates are also available. 

- the G301 comes with a PTT switch and blank faceplates

- the G303 has two trim switches, a faceplate slotted vertically for one-axis trim and a PTT switch

- the G305 stick grip has four trim switches, a faceplate slotted vertically and horizontally for two-axis trim and a PTT

 -the G307 stick grip has four trim switches, a faceplate slotted vertically and horizontally for two-axis trim, a PTT switch and two additional SPDT momentary contact pushbutton switches. The pushbutton switches can be replaced with four different style toggle switches.

INTERCONNECT SOLUTIONS COMPANY (ISC) is a manufacturer of cables, cable assemblies, harnesses, and control panels which are used in a wide range of applications in Commercial and Military Aircraft, Lifesaving Medical Devices, Weapon Systems, Inflight Entertainment and Power Systems. The company is a supplier of Boeing and Airbus for their commercial aircraft. 

The Silicon Microstructures SM5882 series of OEM pressure sensorscombines state-of-the-art pressure sensor technology with CMOS mixed signal processing technology to produce an amplified, fully conditioned, multi-order pressure and temperature compensated sensor in a small SO16 plastic package. The model SM5882 is designed for operating pressure ranges at 0.6 PSI and 1.5 PSI. Typically used in medical instrumentation, pneumatic control, gas flow and HVAC applications. 

Product Features

CMOS digital signal processor technology

Calibrated pressure available through I²C-Bus-Interface

Analog output signal ratiometric with supply voltage

Differential pressure applications with +/- pressure

EEPROM stored individual correction data

SO-16 package for surface mount

For additional information please refer to the supplied documentation.

Since its introduction in 1994, the B&C SPECIALITY PRODUCTS BC320 Starter for Continental engines has established an impressive service record as the ONLY starter design on the market that has provided reliable, long-term service for these engines. 

Suitable for installation on Continental engines (C-75, C-85, C-90, C-145-2, O-200, IO-240, O-300-A, -B, and -C, and GO-300-A, -B, and -C) it solves all the problems that other starter designs have had:  worn-out clutches, broken pinions, nagging oil leaks, and catastrophic failure modes. Featuring the durability of all-steel gears and heavy-duty ball-bearings, and the efficiency of a high-torque series-wound motor, it provides greater starting torque, while saving 4.3 to 5.2 lbs. over the old key-type and pull-cable type starters (respectively).

The B&C SPECIALITY PRODUCTS BC320 Starter is STC-PMA approved for use in certificated aircraft, and is available with or without the STC (*). Two installation kits are also available:  one for replacing a key-type starter (Installation Kit 501-1), the other for replacing a pull-cable type starter (Installation Kit 501-3). For key-type starters, before installing the BC320, you will need to remove the needle bearing pressed into the engine case & install the supplied plug in its place. For pull-cable starters, before installing the BC320, you will need to cut off the 9/16 steel shaft that is installed in your engine case.

Other versions of BC320 Starter for 12v and 24v electrical systems (BC320-2, 12v Counter-Rotating or the 24v BC320-3) are also available.

(*) For the issue of the STC, the aircraft make and model, aircraft registration and serial number are required.